Snoring vs sleep apnoea
Snoring is caused by vibration of tissues in the upper airway during sleep. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is more serious: the airway repeatedly narrows or collapses, briefly interrupting breathing and reducing oxygen. OSA is linked to daytime tiredness and longer-term health risks, so persistent loud snoring is worth assessing.
Symptoms
- Loud, habitual snoring
- Witnessed pauses in breathing during sleep
- Waking unrefreshed; daytime sleepiness
- Morning headaches; difficulty concentrating
- Sometimes high blood pressure
Assessment
An ENT specialist examines the nose and throat to find sites of obstruction and may arrange a sleep study (polysomnography) to confirm and grade OSA. This helps distinguish simple snoring from apnoea that needs treatment.
Treatment options
- Lifestyle measures: weight management, reducing alcohol, sleep position
- CPAP therapy for moderate-to-severe OSA
- Treating nasal obstruction (e.g. sinus or septal issues)
- Surgery in selected cases to address specific obstruction sites
- Dental devices for suitable patients
When to see a specialist
Persistent loud snoring, witnessed breathing pauses, or significant daytime sleepiness should be assessed — OSA is treatable and treatment can improve energy, focus and long-term health.
See who practises in this field: subspecialty focus, credentials and clinic websites, checked against public records.
Browse ENT specialists →Frequently Asked Questions
No. Many people snore without apnoea, but loud habitual snoring with daytime tiredness or witnessed pauses should be assessed.
It is a test that monitors breathing, oxygen and sleep during the night to diagnose and grade sleep apnoea. It can sometimes be done at home.
No. CPAP and lifestyle measures are first-line for many. Surgery is considered for specific obstruction sites or when other treatments are unsuitable.